A survey of woodfuel consumption was conducted in the Province of Ilocos Norte, the Philippines, the 2nd most deforested province in the country. The survey examined consumption of wood and all other fuels. Results showed that over 96% of all residents use some fuelwood, which may be collected away from an individual's own land for free, collected at a contracted price, or grown. The study also showed that households use a variety of biomass and fossil fuels as a supplement or substitute for fuelwood. Many households own several different types of cooking stoves. Approximately 7% cook over an open fire, while 90% have a dalikan, the standard household stove in Ilocos Norte. In a subsequent study, it has been shown that a woodstove project can have sizable economic benefits. Tree farming also can prove profitable where the land is not appropriate for agriculture. As for the substitution of other fuels, kerosene substitution has been shown to have negative economic benefits, and electricity is even more costly. The future fuelwood situation for households can be improved through a mix of policies.
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